There is no aspect of our daily life that is not fully explained by Islam. Islam has given simple and balanced rules in all areas of our daily life. So the Prophet Muhammad (SM) has advised us to read some Doa (blessings) in our daily life.

Exchanging Salam:

Salam is to pray for peace. This is an Ibadat. Bond of brotherhood is created by exchanging Salam.

When we meet anyone, we should give Salam first by saying "Assalamu Alaikum". "Assalamu Alaikum" means “Peace be upon you”.

We have to answer to the Salam by saying “Wa alaykumu s-salam”.
"Wa alaykumu s-salam" means “Peace be upon you too”.

Salam is a part of Iman and a road to Paradise. The person who gives the Salam earlier will gain more Sawab. Hazrat Muhammad (SM) always gave Salam first.

Aa’uzubillah:

It is a Doa to be saved form the harm of the Saitan and the bad people.

The complete Aa’uzubillah is –

“Aa’uzubillahi Minash Saitanir Rajim”

Meaning: I seek shelter to Allah from the Saitan, who has been expelled.
When we utter the full Aa’uzubillah, Allah Ta'ala gives us shelter, helps us and saves us from evil. Allah protects us from the influence of the Saitan.
Before reciting the Qur'an, we must recite the full Aa’uzubillah.

Bismillah:

It is a Doa which should be said before starting of any good deed.

The complete Bismillah is –

“Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim”

Meaning: I begin in the name of Allah, the most Gracious and most Merciful.
We have to say Bismillah before starting of all the good deeds. Allah ta’ala bestows His blessings if we began to work with Bismillah. The work becomes nice, smooth, and easy to solve.
When we will recite Quran Majid, we should be utter the full Aa’uzubillah and Bismillah.
The Prophet Muhammad (SM) said, " Every matter that does not start with remembrance of Allah is incomplete." (Musnad Ahmad 14/329)

Alhamdulillah:

The word Alhamdulillah means- All praise is due to Allah alone.

When we see or hear something good and accomplish a good deed, we say Alhamdulillah. By saying this we express gratitude and thanks to Allah. If someone says Alhamdulillah, Allah will reward him and it is one of the best Doa.

Subhanallah:

The word Subhanallah means - All holiness is to Allah.

It is usually said when we hear or see the miracles of Allah, when we see something wonderful or we hear something extraordinary.
When a person says Alhamdulillah, a tree grows in Paradise, and if a person says Subhanallah, a fruit grows on that tree.

Masha Allah:

The word Masha Allah means- “Whatever Allah desires” or “As Allah wills”.

It is used like the word Alhamdulillah. It is recited when you see something beautiful and good.

Insha Allah:

The word Insha Allah means – “The great Allah, the Almighty wills” or “Allah willing”.

Insha Allah has to be said for any good deed which will happen or will be done in future. When we say Insha Allah, Allah is happy and our work will be accomplished fast. We will also overcome the obstacles that we face in future.

Nauzubillah:

The meaning of the word Nauzubillah means that We seek refuge with Allah.

If we see any evil and sinful act, this Doa is said to protect ourselves from it.

Astaghfirullah:

Asatgafirullah means “I seek forgiveness from Allah.”
When we commit any sinful activity or do any misdeeds, we must say this doa.

Jazakallah Khair:

The word Jazakallah Khair means “May Allah give you the best reward.”

If someone does any good deed then, we have to say Jazakallah Khair to him/her.

Allah Hafej:

Allah Hafez means “Allah is the best protector”.

When we say goodbye to anybody we should say Allah Hafez.

Doa Before Eating a Meal:

Bismillahi wa barakatillah.

Meaning: In the name of Allah and with the blessings of Allah, we eat meals.

Doa when we complete our Meal:

Alhamdulillahilladhii ath’amanaa wa saqaanaa wa ja’alanaa minalmuslimiin.

Meaning: Praise be to Allah Who has fed us and given us drink, and made us Muslims.

If we forget to recite Doa when we start eating a meal; then as soon as we remember we will recite the following Doa.

Bismillahi fii awwalihi wa akhirih

Meaning: “In the Name of Allah, in the beginning and the end.”

Doa before going to the toilet:

Allahumma innee aAAoothu bika minal-khubthi wal-khaba-ith

Meaning: (In the name of Allah). O Allah, I take refuge with you from all evil and evil-doers.

Dua when leaving the toilet:

Ghufra-naka Alhamdulillah-hilla-thee ath-haba ann-nil athaa wa 'afaani.

Meaning: "(O Allah) I seek forgiveness and pardon from You. All Praise be to Allah, who removed the difficulty from me and gave me ease (relief)”.

Doa upon sneezing:

Alhamdulillah

Meaning: “All praise is for Allah.”

Answer to sneeze, we recite:

Yarḥamuk-allaah

Meaning: “May Allah have mercy upon you.”